java.lang.Object
- org.bitcoinj.base.internal.ByteUtils

```
public class ByteUtils
extends java.lang.Object
```
Utility methods for bit, byte, and integer manipulation and conversion. Most of these were moved here from org.bitcoinj.core.Utils.

Field Summary

Fields
Modifier and Type	Field	Description
`static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding`	`HEX`	Deprecated. Use `hexFormat` or `parseHex(String)` or other available options.
`static long`	`MAX_UNSIGNED_INTEGER`	Maximum unsigned value that can be expressed by 32 bits.
`static int`	`MAX_UNSIGNED_SHORT`	Maximum unsigned value that can be expressed by 16 bits.

Constructor Summary

Constructors
Constructor Description

ByteUtils()

Method Summary

All Methods Static Methods Concrete Methods
Modifier and Type	Method	Description
`static java.util.Comparator<byte[]>`	`arrayUnsignedComparator()`	Provides a byte array comparator.
`static byte[]`	`bigIntegerToBytes(java.math.BigInteger b, int numBytes)`	The regular `BigInteger.toByteArray()` includes the sign bit of the number and might result in an extra byte addition.
`static java.math.BigInteger`	`bytesToBigInteger(byte[] bytes)`	Converts an array of bytes into a positive BigInteger.
`static boolean`	`checkBitLE(byte[] data, int index)`	Checks if the given bit is set in data, using little endian (not the same as Java native big endian)
`static java.math.BigInteger`	`decodeCompactBits(long compact)`	The "compact" format is a representation of a whole number N using an unsigned 32 bit number similar to a floating point format.
`static java.math.BigInteger`	`decodeMPI(byte[] mpi, boolean hasLength)`	MPI encoded numbers are produced by the OpenSSL BN_bn2mpi function.
`static long`	`encodeCompactBits(java.math.BigInteger value)`
`static byte[]`	`encodeMPI(java.math.BigInteger value, boolean includeLength)`	MPI encoded numbers are produced by the OpenSSL BN_bn2mpi function.
`static java.lang.String`	`formatHex(byte[] bytes)`
`static byte[]`	`parseHex(java.lang.String string)`
`static int`	`readInt32(java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)`	Read 4 bytes from the byte array (starting at the offset) as signed 32-bit integer in little endian format.
`static long`	`readInt64(byte[] bytes, int offset)`	Read 8 bytes from the byte array (starting at the offset) as signed 64-bit integer in little endian format.
`static long`	`readInt64(java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)`	Read 8 bytes from the buffer as signed 64-bit integer in little endian format.
`static int`	`readUint16(byte[] bytes, int offset)`	Read 2 bytes from the byte array (starting at the offset) as unsigned 16-bit integer in little endian format.
`static int`	`readUint16(java.io.InputStream is)`	Read 2 bytes from the stream as unsigned 16-bit integer in little endian format.
`static int`	`readUint16(java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)`	Read 2 bytes from the buffer as unsigned 16-bit integer in little endian format.
`static int`	`readUint16BE(byte[] bytes, int offset)`	Read 2 bytes from the byte array (starting at the offset) as unsigned 16-bit integer in big endian format.
`static int`	`readUint16BE(java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)`	Read 2 bytes from the buffer as unsigned 16-bit integer in big endian format.
`static long`	`readUint32(byte[] bytes, int offset)`	Read 4 bytes from the byte array (starting at the offset) as unsigned 32-bit integer in little endian format.
`static long`	`readUint32(java.io.InputStream is)`	Read 4 bytes from the stream as unsigned 32-bit integer in little endian format.
`static long`	`readUint32(java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)`	Read 4 bytes from the buffer as unsigned 32-bit integer in little endian format.
`static long`	`readUint32BE(byte[] bytes, int offset)`	Read 4 bytes from the byte array (starting at the offset) as unsigned 32-bit integer in big endian format.
`static long`	`readUint32BE(java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)`	Read 4 bytes from the buffer as unsigned 32-bit integer in big endian format.
`static byte[]`	`reverseBytes(byte[] bytes)`	Returns a copy of the given byte array in reverse order.
`static void`	`setBitLE(byte[] data, int index)`	Sets the given bit in data to one, using little endian (not the same as Java native big endian)
`static void`	`writeInt16BE(int val, byte[] out, int offset)`	Write a 16-bit integer to a given byte array in big-endian format, starting at a given offset.
`static void`	`writeInt16BE(int val, java.io.OutputStream stream)`	Write a 16-bit integer to a given output stream in big-endian format.
`static java.nio.ByteBuffer`	`writeInt16BE(int val, java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)`	Write a 16-bit integer to a given buffer in big-endian format.
`static void`	`writeInt16LE(int val, byte[] out, int offset)`	Write a 16-bit integer to a given byte array in little-endian format, starting at a given offset.
`static void`	`writeInt16LE(int val, java.io.OutputStream stream)`	Write a 16-bit integer to a given output stream in little-endian format.
`static java.nio.ByteBuffer`	`writeInt16LE(int val, java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)`	Write a 16-bit integer to a given buffer in little-endian format.
`static void`	`writeInt32BE(long val, byte[] out, int offset)`	Write a 32-bit integer to a given byte array in big-endian format, starting at a given offset.
`static void`	`writeInt32BE(long val, java.io.OutputStream stream)`	Write a 32-bit integer to a given output stream in big-endian format.
`static java.nio.ByteBuffer`	`writeInt32BE(long val, java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)`	Write a 32-bit integer to a given buffer in big-endian format.
`static void`	`writeInt32LE(int val, java.io.OutputStream stream)`	Write a 32-bit integer to a given output stream in little-endian format.
`static java.nio.ByteBuffer`	`writeInt32LE(int val, java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)`	Write a 32-bit integer to a given buffer in little-endian format.
`static void`	`writeInt32LE(long val, byte[] out, int offset)`	Write a 32-bit integer to a given byte array in little-endian format, starting at a given offset.
`static void`	`writeInt32LE(long val, java.io.OutputStream stream)`	Write a 32-bit integer to a given output stream in little-endian format.
`static java.nio.ByteBuffer`	`writeInt32LE(long val, java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)`	Write a 32-bit integer to a given buffer in little-endian format.
`static void`	`writeInt64LE(long val, byte[] out, int offset)`	Write a 64-bit integer to a given byte array in little-endian format, starting at a given offset.
`static void`	`writeInt64LE(long val, java.io.OutputStream stream)`	Write a 64-bit integer to a given output stream in little-endian format.
`static java.nio.ByteBuffer`	`writeInt64LE(long val, java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)`	Write a 64-bit integer to a given buffer in little-endian format.
`static void`	`writeInt64LE(java.math.BigInteger val, java.io.OutputStream stream)`	Write a 64-bit integer to a given output stream in little-endian format.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

- Field Detail
  - MAX_UNSIGNED_SHORT
```
public static final int MAX_UNSIGNED_SHORT
```
    Maximum unsigned value that can be expressed by 16 bits.
  - MAX_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
```
public static final long MAX_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
```
    Maximum unsigned value that can be expressed by 32 bits.
  - HEX
```
@Deprecated
public static final com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding HEX
```
    Deprecated.
    Use hexFormat or parseHex(String) or other available options.
    
    Hex encoding used throughout the framework. Use with ByteUtils.formatHex(byte[]) or ByteUtils.parseHex(CharSequence).
- Constructor Detail
  - ByteUtils
```
public ByteUtils()
```
- Method Detail
  - formatHex
```
public static java.lang.String formatHex(byte[] bytes)
```
  - parseHex
```
public static byte[] parseHex(java.lang.String string)
```
  - bigIntegerToBytes
```
public static byte[] bigIntegerToBytes(java.math.BigInteger b,
                                       int numBytes)
```
    The regular BigInteger.toByteArray() includes the sign bit of the number and might result in an extra byte addition. This method removes this extra byte.
    
    Assuming only positive numbers, it's possible to discriminate if an extra byte is added by checking if the first element of the array is 0 (0000_0000). Due to the minimal representation provided by BigInteger, it means that the bit sign is the least significant bit 0000_0000 . Otherwise the representation is not minimal. For example, if the sign bit is 0000_0000, then the representation is not minimal due to the rightmost zero.
    This is the antagonist to bytesToBigInteger(byte[]).
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the integer to format into a byte array
    
    numBytes - the desired size of the resulting byte array
    
    Returns:
    
    numBytes byte long array.
  - bytesToBigInteger
```
public static java.math.BigInteger bytesToBigInteger(byte[] bytes)
```
    Converts an array of bytes into a positive BigInteger. This is the antagonist to bigIntegerToBytes(BigInteger, int).
    
    Parameters:
    
    bytes - to convert into a BigInteger
    
    Returns:
    
    the converted BigInteger
  - writeInt16LE
```
public static java.nio.ByteBuffer writeInt16LE(int val,
                                               java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)
                                        throws java.nio.BufferOverflowException
```
    Write a 16-bit integer to a given buffer in little-endian format.
    The value is expected as an unsigned int as per the Java Unsigned Integer API.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    buf - buffer to be written into
    
    Returns:
    
    the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.BufferOverflowException - if the value doesn't fit the remaining buffer
  - writeInt16LE
```
public static void writeInt16LE(int val,
                                byte[] out,
                                int offset)
                         throws java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
```
    Write a 16-bit integer to a given byte array in little-endian format, starting at a given offset.
    The value is expected as an unsigned int as per the Java Unsigned Integer API.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    out - buffer to be written into
    
    offset - offset into the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if offset points outside of the buffer, or if the value doesn't fit the remaining buffer
  - writeInt16BE
```
public static java.nio.ByteBuffer writeInt16BE(int val,
                                               java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)
                                        throws java.nio.BufferOverflowException
```
    Write a 16-bit integer to a given buffer in big-endian format.
    The value is expected as an unsigned int as per the Java Unsigned Integer API.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    buf - buffer to be written into
    
    Returns:
    
    the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.BufferOverflowException - if the value doesn't fit the remaining buffer
  - writeInt16BE
```
public static void writeInt16BE(int val,
                                byte[] out,
                                int offset)
                         throws java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
```
    Write a 16-bit integer to a given byte array in big-endian format, starting at a given offset.
    The value is expected as an unsigned int as per the Java Unsigned Integer API.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    out - buffer to be written into
    
    offset - offset into the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if offset points outside of the buffer, or if the value doesn't fit the remaining buffer
  - writeInt32LE
```
public static java.nio.ByteBuffer writeInt32LE(int val,
                                               java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)
                                        throws java.nio.BufferOverflowException
```
    Write a 32-bit integer to a given buffer in little-endian format.
    The value is expected as a signed or unsigned int. If you've got an unsigned long as per the Java Unsigned Integer API, use writeInt32LE(long, ByteBuffer).
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    buf - buffer to be written into
    
    Returns:
    
    the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.BufferOverflowException - if the value doesn't fit the remaining buffer
  - writeInt32LE
```
public static java.nio.ByteBuffer writeInt32LE(long val,
                                               java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)
                                        throws java.nio.BufferOverflowException
```
    Write a 32-bit integer to a given buffer in little-endian format.
    The value is expected as an unsigned long as per the Java Unsigned Integer API.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    buf - buffer to be written into
    
    Returns:
    
    the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.BufferOverflowException - if the value doesn't fit the remaining buffer
  - writeInt32LE
```
public static void writeInt32LE(long val,
                                byte[] out,
                                int offset)
                         throws java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
```
    Write a 32-bit integer to a given byte array in little-endian format, starting at a given offset.
    The value is expected as an unsigned long as per the Java Unsigned Integer API.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    out - buffer to be written into
    
    offset - offset into the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if offset points outside of the buffer, or if the value doesn't fit the remaining buffer
  - writeInt32BE
```
public static java.nio.ByteBuffer writeInt32BE(long val,
                                               java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)
                                        throws java.nio.BufferOverflowException
```
    Write a 32-bit integer to a given buffer in big-endian format.
    The value is expected as an unsigned long as per the Java Unsigned Integer API.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    buf - buffer to be written into
    
    Returns:
    
    the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.BufferOverflowException - if the value doesn't fit the remaining buffer
  - writeInt32BE
```
public static void writeInt32BE(long val,
                                byte[] out,
                                int offset)
                         throws java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
```
    Write a 32-bit integer to a given byte array in big-endian format, starting at a given offset.
    The value is expected as an unsigned long as per the Java Unsigned Integer API.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    out - buffer to be written into
    
    offset - offset into the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if offset points outside of the buffer, or if the value doesn't fit the remaining buffer
  - writeInt64LE
```
public static java.nio.ByteBuffer writeInt64LE(long val,
                                               java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)
                                        throws java.nio.BufferOverflowException
```
    Write a 64-bit integer to a given buffer in little-endian format.
    The value is expected as a signed or unsigned long.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    buf - buffer to be written into
    
    Returns:
    
    the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.BufferOverflowException - if the value doesn't fit the remaining buffer
  - writeInt64LE
```
public static void writeInt64LE(long val,
                                byte[] out,
                                int offset)
                         throws java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
```
    Write a 64-bit integer to a given byte array in little-endian format, starting at a given offset.
    The value is expected as a signed or unsigned long.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    out - buffer to be written into
    
    offset - offset into the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if offset points outside of the buffer, or if the value doesn't fit the remaining buffer
  - writeInt16LE
```
public static void writeInt16LE(int val,
                                java.io.OutputStream stream)
                         throws java.io.IOException
```
    Write a 16-bit integer to a given output stream in little-endian format.
    The value is expected as an unsigned int as per the Java Unsigned Integer API.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    stream - strean to be written into
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException - if an I/O error occurs
  - writeInt16BE
```
public static void writeInt16BE(int val,
                                java.io.OutputStream stream)
                         throws java.io.IOException
```
    Write a 16-bit integer to a given output stream in big-endian format.
    The value is expected as an unsigned int as per the Java Unsigned Integer API.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    stream - strean to be written into
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException - if an I/O error occurs
  - writeInt32LE
```
public static void writeInt32LE(int val,
                                java.io.OutputStream stream)
                         throws java.io.IOException
```
    Write a 32-bit integer to a given output stream in little-endian format.
    The value is expected as a signed or unsigned int. If you've got an unsigned long as per the Java Unsigned Integer API, use writeInt32LE(long, OutputStream).
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    stream - stream to be written into
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException - if an I/O error occurs
  - writeInt32LE
```
public static void writeInt32LE(long val,
                                java.io.OutputStream stream)
                         throws java.io.IOException
```
    Write a 32-bit integer to a given output stream in little-endian format.
    The value is expected as an unsigned long as per the Java Unsigned Integer API.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    stream - strean to be written into
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException - if an I/O error occurs
  - writeInt32BE
```
public static void writeInt32BE(long val,
                                java.io.OutputStream stream)
                         throws java.io.IOException
```
    Write a 32-bit integer to a given output stream in big-endian format.
    The value is expected as an unsigned long as per the Java Unsigned Integer API.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    stream - strean to be written into
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException - if an I/O error occurs
  - writeInt64LE
```
public static void writeInt64LE(long val,
                                java.io.OutputStream stream)
                         throws java.io.IOException
```
    Write a 64-bit integer to a given output stream in little-endian format.
    The value is expected as a signed or unsigned long.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    stream - strean to be written into
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException - if an I/O error occurs
  - writeInt64LE
```
public static void writeInt64LE(java.math.BigInteger val,
                                java.io.OutputStream stream)
                         throws java.io.IOException
```
    Write a 64-bit integer to a given output stream in little-endian format.
    The value is expected as an unsigned BigInteger.
    
    Parameters:
    
    val - value to be written
    
    stream - strean to be written into
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException - if an I/O error occurs
  - readUint16
```
public static int readUint16(java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)
                      throws java.nio.BufferUnderflowException
```
    Read 2 bytes from the buffer as unsigned 16-bit integer in little endian format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    buf - buffer to be read from
    
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.BufferUnderflowException - if the read value extends beyond the remaining bytes of the buffer
  - readUint16
```
public static int readUint16(byte[] bytes,
                             int offset)
                      throws java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
```
    Read 2 bytes from the byte array (starting at the offset) as unsigned 16-bit integer in little endian format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    bytes - buffer to be read from
    
    offset - offset into the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if offset points outside of the buffer, or if the read value extends beyond the remaining bytes of the buffer
  - readUint16BE
```
public static int readUint16BE(java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)
                        throws java.nio.BufferUnderflowException
```
    Read 2 bytes from the buffer as unsigned 16-bit integer in big endian format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    buf - buffer to be read from
    
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.BufferUnderflowException - if the read value extends beyond the remaining bytes of the buffer
  - readUint16BE
```
public static int readUint16BE(byte[] bytes,
                               int offset)
                        throws java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
```
    Read 2 bytes from the byte array (starting at the offset) as unsigned 16-bit integer in big endian format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    bytes - buffer to be read from
    
    offset - offset into the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if offset points outside of the buffer, or if the read value extends beyond the remaining bytes of the buffer
  - readUint32
```
public static long readUint32(java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)
                       throws java.nio.BufferUnderflowException
```
    Read 4 bytes from the buffer as unsigned 32-bit integer in little endian format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    buf - buffer to be read from
    
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.BufferUnderflowException - if the read value extends beyond the remaining bytes of the buffer
  - readInt32
```
public static int readInt32(java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)
                     throws java.nio.BufferUnderflowException
```
    Read 4 bytes from the byte array (starting at the offset) as signed 32-bit integer in little endian format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    buf - buffer to be read from
    
    Returns:
    
    read integer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.BufferUnderflowException - if the read value extends beyond the remaining bytes of the buffer
  - readUint32
```
public static long readUint32(byte[] bytes,
                              int offset)
                       throws java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
```
    Read 4 bytes from the byte array (starting at the offset) as unsigned 32-bit integer in little endian format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    bytes - buffer to be read from
    
    offset - offset into the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if offset points outside of the buffer, or if the read value extends beyond the remaining bytes of the buffer
  - readUint32BE
```
public static long readUint32BE(java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)
                         throws java.nio.BufferUnderflowException
```
    Read 4 bytes from the buffer as unsigned 32-bit integer in big endian format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    buf - buffer to be read from
    
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.BufferUnderflowException - if the read value extends beyond the remaining bytes of the buffer
  - readUint32BE
```
public static long readUint32BE(byte[] bytes,
                                int offset)
                         throws java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
```
    Read 4 bytes from the byte array (starting at the offset) as unsigned 32-bit integer in big endian format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    bytes - buffer to be read from
    
    offset - offset into the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if offset points outside of the buffer, or if the read value extends beyond the remaining bytes of the buffer
  - readInt64
```
public static long readInt64(java.nio.ByteBuffer buf)
                      throws java.nio.BufferUnderflowException
```
    Read 8 bytes from the buffer as signed 64-bit integer in little endian format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    buf - buffer to be read from
    
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.BufferUnderflowException - if the read value extends beyond the remaining bytes of the buffer
  - readInt64
```
public static long readInt64(byte[] bytes,
                             int offset)
                      throws java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
```
    Read 8 bytes from the byte array (starting at the offset) as signed 64-bit integer in little endian format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    bytes - buffer to be read from
    
    offset - offset into the buffer
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if offset points outside of the buffer, or if the read value extends beyond the remaining bytes of the buffer
  - readUint16
```
public static int readUint16(java.io.InputStream is)
```
    Read 2 bytes from the stream as unsigned 16-bit integer in little endian format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    is - stream to be read from
  - readUint32
```
public static long readUint32(java.io.InputStream is)
```
    Read 4 bytes from the stream as unsigned 32-bit integer in little endian format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    is - stream to be read from
  - reverseBytes
```
public static byte[] reverseBytes(byte[] bytes)
```
    Returns a copy of the given byte array in reverse order.
  - decodeMPI
```
public static java.math.BigInteger decodeMPI(byte[] mpi,
                                             boolean hasLength)
```
    MPI encoded numbers are produced by the OpenSSL BN_bn2mpi function. They consist of a 4 byte big endian length field, followed by the stated number of bytes representing the number in big endian format (with a sign bit).
    
    Parameters:
    
    hasLength - can be set to false if the given array is missing the 4 byte length field
  - encodeMPI
```
public static byte[] encodeMPI(java.math.BigInteger value,
                               boolean includeLength)
```
    MPI encoded numbers are produced by the OpenSSL BN_bn2mpi function. They consist of a 4 byte big endian length field, followed by the stated number of bytes representing the number in big endian format (with a sign bit).
    
    Parameters:
    
    includeLength - indicates whether the 4 byte length field should be included
  - decodeCompactBits
```
public static java.math.BigInteger decodeCompactBits(long compact)
```
    The "compact" format is a representation of a whole number N using an unsigned 32 bit number similar to a floating point format. The most significant 8 bits are the unsigned exponent of base 256. This exponent can be thought of as "number of bytes of N". The lower 23 bits are the mantissa. Bit number 24 (0x800000) represents the sign of N. Therefore, N = (-1^sign) * mantissa * 256^(exponent-3).
    
    Satoshi's original implementation used BN_bn2mpi() and BN_mpi2bn(). MPI uses the most significant bit of the first byte as sign. Thus 0x1234560000 is compact 0x05123456 and 0xc0de000000 is compact 0x0600c0de. Compact 0x05c0de00 would be -0x40de000000.
    
    Bitcoin only uses this "compact" format for encoding difficulty targets, which are unsigned 256bit quantities. Thus, all the complexities of the sign bit and using base 256 are probably an implementation accident.
  - encodeCompactBits
```
public static long encodeCompactBits(java.math.BigInteger value)
```
    See Also:
    
    decodeCompactBits(long)
  - checkBitLE
```
public static boolean checkBitLE(byte[] data,
                                 int index)
```
    Checks if the given bit is set in data, using little endian (not the same as Java native big endian)
  - setBitLE
```
public static void setBitLE(byte[] data,
                            int index)
```
    Sets the given bit in data to one, using little endian (not the same as Java native big endian)
  - arrayUnsignedComparator
```
public static java.util.Comparator<byte[]> arrayUnsignedComparator()
```
    Provides a byte array comparator.
    
    Returns:
    
    A comparator for byte[]

Class ByteUtils

Field Summary

Constructor Summary

Method Summary

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

Field Detail

MAX_UNSIGNED_SHORT

MAX_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

HEX

Constructor Detail

ByteUtils

Method Detail

formatHex

parseHex

bigIntegerToBytes

bytesToBigInteger

writeInt16LE

writeInt16LE

writeInt16BE

writeInt16BE

writeInt32LE

writeInt32LE

writeInt32LE

writeInt32BE

writeInt32BE

writeInt64LE

writeInt64LE

writeInt16LE

writeInt16BE

writeInt32LE

writeInt32LE

writeInt32BE

writeInt64LE

writeInt64LE

readUint16

readUint16

readUint16BE

readUint16BE

readUint32

readInt32

readUint32

readUint32BE

readUint32BE

readInt64

readInt64

readUint16

readUint32

reverseBytes

decodeMPI

encodeMPI

decodeCompactBits

encodeCompactBits

checkBitLE

setBitLE

arrayUnsignedComparator